Solution

The correct answer is 4) (A) - (III), (B) - (IV), (C) - (II), (D) - (I).

Activation record - Subroutine call

Location counter- Assembler

Reference counts- Garbage collection

Address relocation- Linking loader

Key Points

• When a sub-routine is called, its activation record is created.
• An assembler uses location counter value to give address to each instruction which is needed for relative addressing as well as for jump labels.
• Reference count is used by garbage collector to clear the memory whose reference count becomes 
• Linker Loader is a loader which can load several compiled codes and link them together into a single executable. Thus it needs to do relocation of the object codes.