Solution

Correct answer: namespace

• A namespace in XML provides a way to associate an element name with a specific namespace, which is identified by a URI (Uniform Resource Identifier).
• This allows organizations to specify globally unique names as element tags in documents, as each element name can be associated with a different namespace.
• The namespace declaration is usually done in the root element of an XML document, and the URI can be any string that identifies the namespace, such as a URL.
• For example, the following XML document declares a namespace with the prefix "book" and associates it with the URI "http://book.example.com":

           <book:library xmlns:book="http://book.example.com">

              <book:book>

              <book:title>The Great Gatsby</book:title>

               <book:author>F. Scott Fitzgerald</book:author>

               </book:book>

            </book:library>

• the namespace "http://book.example.com", so all elements with the "book" prefix in the document belong to this namespace.