Solution

The correct answer is Scheduler.

Key Points

• The scheduler is a system software that manages process scheduling in the operating system.
  • It determines which process runs at any given time based on a specific scheduling algorithm.
  • Schedulers do not interrupt running processes but instead manage the execution sequence of processes.
  • There are three types of schedulers: long-term (job scheduler), short-term (CPU scheduler), and medium-term.
  • The short-term scheduler (CPU scheduler) selects a process from the ready queue and allocates the CPU to it.
  • Schedulers ensure that all processes get a chance to execute and manage the allocation of system resources efficiently.

Additional Information

• Interrupts are signals sent to the CPU by hardware or software indicating an event that needs immediate attention.
• Common types of interrupts include device interrupts, timer interrupts, and power failure interrupts.
• Device interrupts occur when an I/O operation completes, timer interrupts occur at regular intervals, and power failure interrupts occur during power outages.
• Schedulers work in conjunction with interrupts to manage process execution and resource allocation.