Solution

The correct answer is ∀x L(x, Joy)

Explanation:

To express the statement "Joy is loved by everyone" using quantifiers and the given predicate L(x, y) (where L(x, y) means "x loves y"), we want to convey that for every person x , that person loves Joy.

This can be expressed using the universal quantifier as follows: 1) ∀x L(x, Joy)

This translates to: "For every person x , x loves Joy," which accurately captures the intended meaning that everyone loves Joy. 

Thus, the correct answer is: 1)∀x L(x, Joy) .