Q13.Marks: +2.0UGC NET Paper 2: Computer Sc 23rd August 2024 Shift 1
Arrange the following stages of parsing in the correct order as they typically occur in the compilation process.
(A) Lexical Analysis
(B) Sematic Analysis
(C) Syntax Analysis
(D) Intermediate Code Generation
(E) Code Optimization
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
1.(A), (B), (C), (D), (E)
2.(A), (C), (B), (D), (E)✓ Correct
3.(A), (D), (B), (C), (E)
4.(A), (C), (D), (B), (E)
Solution
The correct answer is 2)(A), (C), (B), (D), (E).
Key Points
Lexical Analysis (A): This is the first phase of the parsing process where the source code is converted into tokens. These tokens are the basic building blocks of the syntax structure.
Syntax Analysis (C): In this stage, the tokens generated by the lexical analyzer are taken and analyzed to form a syntax tree. This phase checks for the correct syntax of the programming language.
Semantic Analysis (B): This stage checks the semantic consistency of the syntax tree created during syntax analysis. It ensures that the syntax tree follows the rules of the language in terms of meaning.
Intermediate Code Generation (D): After the semantic analysis, an intermediate code is generated which is a representation of the source code. This intermediate code is easier to optimize and translate into machine code.
Code Optimization (E): This phase involves optimizing the intermediate code to make the final code more efficient in terms of speed and memory usage.
Thus the correct answer is 2)(A), (C), (B), (D), (E).
Additional Information
Lexical Analysis: Also known as scanning, this stage is responsible for reading the source code and converting it into a stream of tokens. Each token represents a basic element of the syntax, such as keywords, operators, and identifiers.
Syntax Analysis: Also known as parsing, this stage takes the stream of tokens and arranges them into a tree structure that represents the grammatical structure of the source code. This structure is known as the parse tree or syntax tree.
Semantic Analysis: This phase checks for semantic errors and ensures that the syntax tree adheres to the rules of the programming language. It involves type checking, scope resolution, and other checks to ensure the code makes sense.
Intermediate Code Generation: This stage converts the syntax tree into an intermediate representation, which is often a lower-level code that is easier to optimize and translate into machine code.
Code Optimization: This final stage involves improving the intermediate code to enhance performance, reduce memory usage, and make the final machine code more efficient.
