Solution

The correct answer is (A), (B) and (C) Only

EXPLANATION:

• (A) Moore and Mealy machines are finite state machines with output capabilities.
  • A finite state machine (FSM) is a mathematical model of computation that has a finite number of states and transitions between those states. FSMs are basic models used to design computer programs and digital electronic systems. Mealy and Moore machines are two types of FSMs.
  • A Mealy machine is a type of FSM where the output values are determined by both its current state and the current inputs. This means that the output can change whenever there is a change to the input, even if the machine remains in the same state.
  • A Moore machine, on the other hand, is a type of FSM where the outputs are determined only by the current state, and not the inputs. This means that the output only changes when the machine transitions to a different state.
• (B) Any given Moore machine has an equivalent Mealy machine.
  • This statement is true. For any given Moore machine, an equivalent Mealy machine can be constructed where the output associated with each transition in the Mealy machine is the output associated with the destination state in the Moore machine. The Mealy machine will necessarily have the same number of states as the Moore machine.
• (C) Any given Mealy machine has an equivalent Moore machine.
  • This statement is also true, but with a caveat. For any given Mealy machine, an equivalent Moore machine can indeed be constructed. However, the process for this is more complicated because the output of a Mealy machine can change based on the input and not just the state. As a result, the equivalent Moore machine might need more states than the original Mealy machine if two or more distinct outputs are produced in the same state depending upon the input.
• (D) Moore machine is not a finite state machine.
  • This statement is false. As stated above, a Moore machine is a type of finite state machine. Its distinguishing feature is that its output values are determined solely by its current state and not the inputs.

So, the correct choice from the options is: (A), (B) and (C) Only