Solution

The correct answer is A is true but R is false

Key PointsDendral is an expert system. It was a groundbreaking AI project developed in the 1960s and 1970s aimed at automatically deducing the structure of organic molecules based on their mass spectrometry data. So, assertion A is correct.

The second statement, however, is incorrect. The rationality of an agent in AI is very much related to its reaction to its environment. Rational agents should be able to make decisions based on their perceptions of the environment in order to achieve the best possible outcome or, in the case of uncertainty, the best expected outcome. Therefore, reason R is false.