Solution

The correct answer is A is correct but R is not correct.

Key Points

• Assertion A: Cohesion in software engineering is the measure of how closely the responsibilities of a module or a component are related to each other. It's about how focused a module is on what it should do. Modules that perform one very specific task are considered highly cohesive. This statement is correct as more cohesive modules tend to be more compact and efficient.
• Reason R: The statement is incorrect. The definition provided in this statement describes 'coupling', not 'cohesion'. Coupling is the degree to which one module depends on other modules. In contrast, cohesion refers to how closely all tasks performed by a module are related to each other.

So, "A is correct but R is not correct" which corresponds to option 3 is the right answer.