Solution

Concept:

Normalization:- It is the process of organizing data in a database. There are two main objectives of the normalization process: eliminate redundant data and ensure data dependencies make sense.

1NF:- First normal form (1NF) is a relation in which the intersection of each row and column contains one and only one value.

2NF:- Second Normal Form (2NF) is based on the concept of fully functional dependency.

2 NF removes partial functional dependency.

3NF:- A relation is in the third normal form (3NF) if it is in the second normal form and no transitive dependencies exist.

3 NF removes Transitive dependencies.

4NF:- A group of tables that satisfies the first, second, and third normal forms are sufficiently well-designed.

4 NF removes multivalued dependency

BCNF (Boyce Codd Normal Form) is the advanced version of 3NF. A table is in BCNF if every functional dependency X→Y, X is the super key of the table. If R is found to be in BCNF, it can be safely deduced that the relation is also in 3NF, 2NF, and 1NF as the hierarchy shows.

• BCNF is the normal form that actually removes all transitive dependencies. 
• It is a more restricted form of normalization so that the database does not end in anomalies.
• The stage at which a table is organized is known as its normal form (or a stage of normalization
• BCNF is not always dependency preserving.

The Correct Answer is option 3.