Solution

The correct answer is: option 3) (A) is true but (R) is false

Key Points

Assertion (A): A load-and-go assembler avoids the overhead of writing the object program out and reading it back in.

• This is true.
• A load-and-go assembler directly loads the object code into memory for execution, eliminating the need to save the code to disk and reload it later.

Reason (R): This can be done with either one-pass or two-pass assembler.

• This is false.
• Load-and-go assemblers are generally implemented as one-pass assemblers to allow immediate code generation and execution.
• A two-pass assembler reads the source code twice (once to build the symbol table, once to generate code), which is not suitable for load-and-go scenarios.

Therefore:

• Assertion (A) is true ✅
• Reason (R) is false ❌

Hence, the correct answer is: option 3) (A) is true but (R) is false